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Date of Award

Spring 2025

Degree Name

Master of Medical Science (Physician Assistant)

Department

Physician Assistant; College of Health Sciences

First Advisor

Jaime Shaffer

Abstract

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new condition that emerged amongst the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. It is defined as a hyperreactive immune response involving multiple organs in febrile patients. MIS-C is often life-threatening and requires intensive care for acutely ill patients. As of date, clear diagnostic criteria and uniform treatment regimens have yet to be defined or laid out for providers. It has been frequently misdiagnosed for other related conditions that have overlapping symptoms with MIS-C. A thorough history and physical examination, combined with appropriate lab and imaging selection, can aid providers in reaching the MIS-C diagnosis. Proper aggressive and appropriate treatment of MIS-C is paramount in preventing disease progression and improving patient outcomes. This article reviews the key background information, presentation, and diagnostics, management, and recent findings of MIS-C so that providers can develop a solid foundation of the condition and confidently distinguish it from other related ailments.

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Diagnosis, Management, and New Findings of MIS-C

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new condition that emerged amongst the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. It is defined as a hyperreactive immune response involving multiple organs in febrile patients. MIS-C is often life-threatening and requires intensive care for acutely ill patients. As of date, clear diagnostic criteria and uniform treatment regimens have yet to be defined or laid out for providers. It has been frequently misdiagnosed for other related conditions that have overlapping symptoms with MIS-C. A thorough history and physical examination, combined with appropriate lab and imaging selection, can aid providers in reaching the MIS-C diagnosis. Proper aggressive and appropriate treatment of MIS-C is paramount in preventing disease progression and improving patient outcomes. This article reviews the key background information, presentation, and diagnostics, management, and recent findings of MIS-C so that providers can develop a solid foundation of the condition and confidently distinguish it from other related ailments.