Date of Award

Spring 2025

Degree Name

Master of Medical Science (Physician Assistant)

Department

Physician Assistant; College of Health Sciences

First Advisor

Kevin Basile

Abstract

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating neurological condition affecting up to 200,000 individuals annually in the United States. It is marked by pain that far exceeds the expected response to an injury, and is often accompanied by sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor, and motor disturbances. Although frequently triggered by physical trauma, CRPS can also arise spontaneously and without any significant finding on imaging, complicating diagnosis and treatment. The chronic nature of CRPS disrupts a person’s quality of life and is linked to psychological conditions such as depression and anxiety. Early recognition of its diverse symptoms with guidance by the Budapest Criteria which was created in 2004 is crucial. This article explores the risk factors; multifactorial pathophysiology of CRPS, including neurogenic inflammation, central and peripheral sensitization, and autonomic dysregulation; and aims to advocate for a multimodal treatment integrating physical therapy, pharmacologic interventions, psychological support, and interventional techniques. By increasing awareness among clinicians and patients, this article aims to enhance early intervention and improve outcomes for patients with CRPS.

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Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating neurological condition affecting up to 200,000 individuals annually in the United States. It is marked by pain that far exceeds the expected response to an injury, and is often accompanied by sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor, and motor disturbances. Although frequently triggered by physical trauma, CRPS can also arise spontaneously and without any significant finding on imaging, complicating diagnosis and treatment. The chronic nature of CRPS disrupts a person’s quality of life and is linked to psychological conditions such as depression and anxiety. Early recognition of its diverse symptoms with guidance by the Budapest Criteria which was created in 2004 is crucial. This article explores the risk factors; multifactorial pathophysiology of CRPS, including neurogenic inflammation, central and peripheral sensitization, and autonomic dysregulation; and aims to advocate for a multimodal treatment integrating physical therapy, pharmacologic interventions, psychological support, and interventional techniques. By increasing awareness among clinicians and patients, this article aims to enhance early intervention and improve outcomes for patients with CRPS.